The Journal of Practical Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (22): 3480-3489.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.22.003
• Feature Reports:Reproductive Health • Previous Articles
Hongwei ZHANG,Nan WANG,Guoxi SHI,Junying ZHAI(
),Hongli NIU,Ying WANG
Received:2025-08-12
Online:2025-11-25
Published:2025-11-26
Contact:
Junying ZHAI
E-mail:zzhaijunying@163.com
CLC Number:
Hongwei ZHANG,Nan WANG,Guoxi SHI,Junying ZHAI,Hongli NIU,Ying WANG. Construction and validation of a model for jointly predicting early pregnancy loss at 6 weeks of gestation after IVF⁃ET based on serum FGF⁃21, AMH, and NRP⁃1[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2025, 41(22): 3480-3489.
Tab.1
Comparison of clinical characteristics between patients in modeling set and verification set"
| 指标 | 建模集(n = 225) | 验证集(n = 97) | P值 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 年龄 | 0.228 | 0.633 | ||
| > 35岁 | 75(33.33) | 35(36.08) | ||
| ≤ 35岁 | 150(66.67) | 62(63.92) | ||
| BMI | 0.019 | 0.890 | ||
| ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 62(27.56) | 26(26.80) | ||
| < 25 kg/m2 | 163(72.44) | 71(73.20) | ||
| 不孕类型 | 0.002 | 0.968 | ||
| 原发 | 134(59.56) | 58(59.79) | ||
| 继发 | 91(40..44) | 39(40.21) | ||
| 不孕年限 | 0.023 | 0.880 | ||
| > 3年 | 70(31.11) | 31(31.96) | ||
| ≤ 3年 | 155(68.89) | 66(68.04) | ||
| 促排方式 | 0.001 | 0.980 | ||
| 拮抗剂 | 114(50.67) | 49(50.52) | ||
| 微刺激 | 111(49.33) | 48(49.48) | ||
| Gn时间 | 0.363 | 0.547 | ||
| ≥ 10 d | 174(77.33) | 72(74.23) | ||
| < 10 d | 51(22.67) | 25(25.77) | ||
| Gn总量 | 0.819 | 0.670 | ||
| ≥ 2 000 IU | 181(80.44) | 80(82.47) | ||
| < 2 000 IU | 44(19.56) | 17(17.53) | ||
| FSH/LH | 0.046 | 0.831 | ||
| ≥ 1.8 | 83(36.89) | 37(38.14) | ||
| < 1.8 | 142(63.11) | 60(61.86) | ||
| 窦卵泡数 | 0.028 | 0.867 | ||
| ≥ 5个 | 165(73.33) | 72(74.23) | ||
| < 5个 | 60(26.67) | 25(25.77) | ||
| 获卵数 | 0.087 | 0.768 | ||
| ≥ 8个 | 154(68.44) | 68(70.10) | ||
| < 8个 | 71(31.56) | 29(29.90) | ||
| 受精卵数 | 0.008 | 0.930 | ||
| ≥ 5个 | 138(61.33) | 60(61.86) | ||
| < 5个 | 87(38.67) | 37(38.14) | ||
| 优质胚胎数 | 0.003 | 0.956 | ||
| ≥ 3枚 | 99(44.00) | 43(44.33) | ||
| < 3枚 | 126(56.00) | 54(55.67) | ||
| 移植用药方案 | 0.047 | 0.829 | ||
| 阴道用黄体酮凝胶 | 120(53.33) | 53(54.64) | ||
| 肌肉注射黄体酮 | 105(46.67) | 44(45.36) | ||
| 移植日内膜厚度(x ± s)/mm | 9.82 ± 1.65 | 9.75 ± 1.71 | 0.345 | 0.730 |
| 移植胚胎数 | 0.067 | 0.795 | ||
| 1枚 | 138(61.33) | 58(59.79) | ||
| 2枚 | 87(38.67) | 39(40.21) | ||
| 优质胚胎率(x ± s)/% | 53.87 ± 19.25 | 55.72 ± 18.03 | 0.806 | 0.421 |
Tab.2
Univariate analysis of clinical variables related to fetal termination at 6 weeks after IVF-ET (modeling set)"
| 指标 | 胎停组 (n = 59) | 持续妊娠(n = 166) | t/χ2 值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 年龄 | 0.563 | 0.453 | ||
| > 35岁 | 22(37.29) | 53(31.93) | ||
| ≤ 35岁 | 37(62.71) | 113(68.07) | ||
| BMI | 0.182 | 0.670 | ||
| ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 15(25.42) | 47(28.31) | ||
| < 25 kg/m2 | 44(74.58) | 119(71.69) | ||
| 不孕类型 | 0.331 | 0.565 | ||
| 原发 | 37(62.71) | 97(58.43) | ||
| 继发 | 22(37.29) | 69(41.57) | ||
| 不孕年限 | 0.290 | 0.590 | ||
| > 3年 | 20(33.90) | 50(30.12) | ||
| ≤ 3年 | 39(66.10) | 116(69.88) | ||
| 促排方式 | 0.408 | 0.523 | ||
| 拮抗剂 | 32(54.24) | 82(49.40) | ||
| 微刺激 | 27(45.76) | 84(50.60) | ||
| Gn时间 | 1.339 | 0.247 | ||
| ≥ 10 d | 43(72.88) | 131(78.92) | ||
| < 10 d | 16(27.12) | 35(21.08) | ||
| Gn总量 | 0.042 | 0.837 | ||
| ≥ 2 000 IU | 48(81.36) | 133(80.12) | ||
| < 2 000 IU | 11(18.64) | 33(19.88) | ||
| FSH/LH | 13.918 | < 0.001 | ||
| ≥ 1.8 | 20(33.90) | 103(62.05) | ||
| < 1.8 | 39(66.10) | 63(37.95) | ||
| 窦卵泡数 | 14.912 | < 0.001 | ||
| ≥ 5个 | 32(54.24) | 133(80.12) | ||
| < 5个 | 27(45.76) | 33(19.88) | ||
| 获卵数 | 11.465 | < 0.001 | ||
| ≥ 8个 | 30(50.85) | 124(74.70) | ||
| < 8个 | 29(49.15) | 42(25.30) | ||
| 受精卵数 | 0.001 | 0.981 | ||
| ≥ 5个 | 23(38.98) | 65(39.16) | ||
| < 5个 | 36(61.02) | 101(60.84) | ||
| 优质胚胎数 | 0.358 | 0.550 | ||
| ≥ 3枚 | 24(40.68) | 75(45.18) | ||
| < 3枚 | 35(59.32) | 91(54.82) | ||
| 移植用药方案 | 0.416 | 0.519 | ||
| 阴道用黄体酮凝胶 | 21(35.59) | 67(40.36) | ||
| 肌肉注射黄体酮 | 38(64.41) | 99(59.64) | ||
| 移植日内膜厚度(x ± s)/mm | 9.65 ± 1.72 | 9.99 ± 1.62 | 1.362 | 0.175 |
| 移植胚胎数 | 0.984 | 0.321 | ||
| 1枚 | 33(55.93) | 105(63.25) | ||
| 2枚 | 26(44.07) | 61(36.75) | ||
| 优质胚胎率(x ± s)/% | 55.21 ± 18.34 | 52.53 ± 18.03 | 0.976 | 0.330 |
Tab.4
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of fetal abortion at six weeks after IVF-ET"
| 变量 | Β | SE | Wald χ2 | P值 | OR(95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 常数项 | -5.374 | 0.142 | 8.046 | < 0.001 | - |
| FSH/LH(≥ 1.8 = 0,< 1.8 = 1) | 0.488 | 0.157 | 9.661 | 0.002 | 1.629(1.198 ~ 2.216) |
| FGF-21(连续变量) | 0.291 | 0.095 | 9.383 | 0.002 | 1.338(1.110 ~ 1.612) |
| AMH(连续变量) | -0.300 | 0.117 | 6.575 | 0.010 | 0.741(0.589 ~ 0.932) |
| NRP-1(连续变量) | -0.135 | 0.050 | 7.290 | 0.007 | 0.874(0.792 ~ 0.964) |
| 窦卵泡数(≥ 5个 = 0,< 5个 = 1) | 0.635 | 0.541 | 1.378 | 0.240 | 1.887(0.654 ~ 5.449) |
| 获卵数(≥ 8个 = 0,< 8个 = 1) | 0.094 | 0.144 | 0.426 | 0.514 | 1.099(0.828 ~ 1.457) |
| 年龄(≤ 35岁 = 0,> 35岁 = 1) | 0.192 | 0.153 | 1.575 | 0.210 | 1.212(0.898 ~ 1.635) |
| BMI(< 25 kg/m2 = 0,≥ 25 kg/m2 = 1) | 0.080 | 0.158 | 0.256 | 0.613 | 1.083(0.795 ~ 1.477) |
Tab.5
Comparison of serum FGF-21, AMH and NRP-1 levels between the two groups before transplantation"
| 项目 | 例数 | FGF-21/(ng/mL) | AMH/(ng/mL) | NRP-1/(μg/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FSH/LH | ||||
| < 1.8 | 202 | 6.29(5.58,7.21) | 3.46(2.74,4.29) | 27.31(24.82,29.64) |
| ≥ 1.8 | 120 | 7.73(6.91,9.41) | 2.77(1.92,3.51) | 22.90(20.29,25.08) |
| Z值 | 6.663 | 4.587 | 9.574 | |
| P值 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Tab.6
Transactional analysis of FSH/LH ratio in the relationship between serum indexes and the risk of fetal termination"
| 亚组分类 | 指标 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | P交互作用 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FSH/LH | ||||
| < 1.8 | FGF-21 | 1.247(1.070 ~ 1.453) | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| AMH | 0.831(0.701 ~ 0.986) | 0.035 | 0.022 | |
| NRP-1 | 0.953(0.912 ~ 0.996) | 0.032 | 0.015 | |
| ≥ 1.8 | FGF-21 | 1.539(1.308 ~ 1.812) | < 0.001 | |
| AMH | 0.708(0.566 ~ 0.887) | 0.002 | ||
| NRP-1 | 0.880(0.831 ~ 0.931) | < 0.001 |
Tab.7
The levels of serum FGF-21, AMH and NRP-1 before transplantation, and the predictive efficacy of modeling set and verification set for fetal termination at 6 weeks' gestation"
| 指标 | 截断值 | AUC | 灵敏度/% | 特异度/% | 95%CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FGF-21 | 6.981 ng/mL | 0.867 | 93.75 | 65.84 | 0.781 ~ 0.953 |
| AMH | 0.609 ng/mL | 0.881 | 81.28 | 85.06 | 0.807 ~ 0.955 |
| NRP-1 | 26.97 μg/L | 0.853 | 90.81 | 70.57 | 0.763 ~ 0.943 |
| 建模集 | - | 0.934 | 93.59 | 77.54 | 0.883 ~ 0.986 |
| 验证集 | - | 0.909 | 87.83 | 80.06 | 0.845 ~ 0.972 |
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